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Dwarkesh Podcast

Reiner Pope – Chip design from the bottom up

May 22, 20261h 20m · 14,451 words

Show notes

New blackboard lecture with Reiner Pope: how do chips actually work - starting with basic logic gates, and working up to why GPUs, TPUs, FPGAs, and the human brain each look the way they do. Reiner is CEO of MatX, a new chip startup (full disclosure - I’m an angel investor). He was previously at Google, where he worked on software efficiency, compilers, and TPU architecture. Watch this one on YouTube so you can see the chalkboard. Read the transcript.

Highlighted moments

almost all of the cost, like seven eighths of the cost is in the reading and writing the register file. And only a tiny fraction of the cost is in the logic unit itself.
the thing that does not have an equivalent in a GPU is the, um, sort of this branch predictor. And so there is a whole big area in the CPU, which is, uh, sort of, uh, just a whole bunch of predictors that are saying, um, when will my next branch be and where the, where's the branch target for that?
whereas if you sort of look at the equivalent thing here, you've got vector units everywhere and you need to move data through this line, through this line, through this line, through this line, through this line, through this line. So the amount of data you can move between a vector unit and a matrix unit is actually much higher in, in a GPU than in a, in a TPU

Transcript

Transcript not available for this episode yet.

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